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Eduqo

Indian Polity & Constitution›Ch 1: Making of the Constitution›Salient Features of the Constitution

1.4

Salient Features of the Constitution

5 min

Understanding the unique structural and functional framework of India.

The Golden Rule

The Indian Constitution is the world's lengthiest written constitution, balancing federal structure with unitary bias and rigid amendments with flexible ones. It establishes a parliamentary democracy with single citizenship and an independent judiciary for all.

Why Study This?

High weightage in SSC CGL, Railway, and State PSC exams.
Forms the foundation for understanding Article-based questions.
Explains why India is called a 'Quasi-Federal' state.

Memory Hooks

L-P-S: Lengthy document, Parliamentary form, Single citizenship.
Rigid for Core: Basic structure is hard to change like a rock.
Federal Soul - Unitary Skin: Looks federal, acts unitary in crisis.

Core Features Overview

Feature	Description	Nature
Lengthiest	Written Document	Detailed
Parliamentary	Executive-Legislature link	Responsible
Citizenship	Only One (Single)	Unifying
Judiciary	Independent/Integrated	Protective

Visual Identity

WRITTEN

(Longest Text)

Longest Text

448+ Articles today.

MIXED

(Rigid & Flexible)

Rigid & Flexible

Constitution[ ART. 368 ]

Article 368 used.

FEDERAL

(Two Governments)

Two Governments

Center and States.

VOTING

(Universal Franchise)

Universal Franchise

Age limit is 18.

Exam Traps

Dual Citizenship exists in IndiaSingle Citizenship only

Unlike USA, Indian citizens have only one national citizenship.

Constitution is purely rigidSynthesis of rigidity and flexibility

Some parts need special majority, some need simple majority.

India follows Presidential systemParliamentary form of government

The Prime Minister is the real executive head, not the President.

Quick Check

Q1.Which feature describes India as a mix of rigid and flexible?

Q2.What is the minimum age for Universal Adult Franchise in India?

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