Eduqo
Indian Polity & Constitution›Ch 2: Rights & Duties›Right to Freedom (Art 19-22)
The backbone of individual liberty and democratic rights in India.
Articles 19 to 22 form the 'Charter of Liberty'. They guarantee individual rights like speech, life, education, and protection against arbitrary arrest.
Memory Hooks
| Article | Subject | Key Point |
|---|---|---|
| 19 | 6 Freedoms | Speech & Expression |
| 20 | Conviction | No Double Jeopardy |
| 21 | Life | Personal Liberty |
| 21A | Education | Free & Compulsory |
| 22 | Arrest | Magistrate in 24hrs |
Art 19
(Free Speech)
Free Speech
Right to express opinions.
Art 21
(Right to Life)
Right to Life
Living with basic dignity.
Art 21A
(Education)
Education
Free schooling for kids.
Art 22
(Detention)
Detention
Legal aid for arrested.
Art 19 freedoms are absolute.Subject to reasonable restrictions.
Freedoms can be restricted for public order or national security.
Art 21 can be suspended in Emergency.Art 20 and 21 are never suspended.
Added by the 44th Amendment Act, 1978.
Art 21A is for all ages.Only for children aged 6 to 14.
It was added by the 86th Amendment Act, 2002.
Q1.Which Article provides the 'Right to Education' as a Fundamental Right?
Q2.Protection against 'Double Jeopardy' is mentioned in which Article?