Eduqo
Modern Indian History›Ch 5: Gandhian Era›Rowlatt Act and Jallianwala Bagh
The 1919 black act, peaceful Baisakhi gathering, brutal massacre, and ultimate renunciation of British honors
The Rowlatt Act empowered police with arbitrary arrest without warrant, sparking fierce nationwide protests and culminating in the tragic Jallianwala Bagh massacre on 13 April 1919 under General Dyer.
Quick Memory Hooks
| Event / Term | Date / Year | Key Personality |
|---|---|---|
| Rowlatt Act Passed | March 1919 | Imperial Legislative Council |
| Jallianwala Bagh Massacre | 13 April 1919 | General Dyer |
| Hunter Committee | October 1919 | Lord Hunter |
Rowlatt Act
(Black Act passed)
Black Act passed
The Rowlatt Act curbed civil liberties.
Baisakhi
(Peaceful gathering)
Peaceful gathering
People gathered peacefully at Jallianwala Bagh.
Gen. Dyer
(Brutal firing order)
Brutal firing order
General Dyer blocked the sole exit.
Knighthood
(Tagore's protest)
Tagore's protest
Rabindranath Tagore renounced his knighthood.
Hunter Commission was for educationHunter Committee probed Jallianwala Bagh
Do not confuse the 1919 Hunter Disorders Inquiry Committee with the 1882 Hunter Education Commission.
Tagore returned the Kaiser-i-Hind medalTagore returned his Knighthood title
Mahatma Gandhi returned Kaiser-i-Hind; Tagore returned his Knighthood.
Jallianwala Bagh happened in DelhiJallianwala Bagh is located in Amritsar
Always remember the tragic massacre took place in Amritsar, Punjab on Baisakhi day.
Q1.On which date did the Jallianwala Bagh massacre take place?
Q2.Who renounced his Knighthood in protest against the Jallianwala Bagh massacre?