Eduqo
Modern Indian History›Ch 6: Road to Independence›Independence Act and Integration of States
The transition from British rule to a unified Indian Union.
The Indian Independence Act 1947 ended British rule and created two dominions. Sardar Patel and V.P. Menon used the Instrument of Accession to integrate princely states into the Indian Union.
Memory Hooks
| State | Method | Key Leader/Event |
|---|---|---|
| Kashmir | Accession | Maharaja Hari Singh |
| Junagadh | Plebiscite | Public Vote 1948 |
| Hyderabad | Police Action | Operation Polo |
IOA Document
(Instrument of Accession)
Instrument of Accession
Legal paper for joining India.
Iron Man
(Sardar Patel)
Sardar Patel
Architect of Indian unity.
Operation Polo
(Hyderabad Action)
Hyderabad Action
Action against Nizam in 1948.
Plebiscite
(Direct Public Vote)
Direct Public Vote
Used to decide Junagadh's fate.
Hyderabad joined via Plebiscite.Hyderabad joined via Police Action.
Plebiscite was used for Junagadh, not Hyderabad.
V.P. Menon was a King.V.P. Menon was the States Secretary.
He was the senior bureaucrat assisting Sardar Patel.
Act 1947 gave India a Republic status.Act 1947 gave India a Dominion status.
India became a Republic only in 1950.
Q1.Who was the Secretary of the Ministry of States during integration?
Q2.What was the code name for the military action against Hyderabad?