Eduqo
Indian Geography›Ch 2: Physical Geography of India›The Himalayas: Physical Divisions
Key ranges, peaks, passes, and regional classification for exams.
The Himalayas are young fold mountains consisting of three parallel ranges: the Himadri, the Himachal, and the Shiwaliks. They stretch from the Indus River to the Brahmaputra, forming an arc that covers about 2,400 km.
Memory Hooks to Remember Ranges
| Feature | Himadri | Himachal | Shiwaliks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Avg. Height | 6000 m | 3700-4500 m | 900-1100 m |
| Key Peaks | Everest, Kanchenjunga | Pir Panjal, Dhauladhar | Low hills, Duns |
| Composition | Granite Core | Altered Rocks | Unconsolidated Sediments |
Mt. Everest
(Highest Peak)
Highest Peak
Located in Nepal, it is 8848.86m high.
Zoji La
(Connecting Pass)
Connecting Pass
Connects Srinagar with Leh.
Nathu La
(Sikkim Pass)
Sikkim Pass
Strategic trade route in Sikkim.
Shipki La
(River Entry)
River Entry
Satluj river enters India through this pass.
K2 is the highest peak in India.Kanchenjunga is the highest in India.
K2 is in POK; Kanchenjunga is the highest undisputed peak within India.
Nathu La is located in Arunachal.Nathu La is located in Sikkim.
Bomdi La is in Arunachal, don't confuse it with Nathu La.
Shiwaliks are the oldest ranges.Shiwaliks are the youngest ranges.
Shiwaliks were formed last, after Himadri and Himachal.
Q1.Which Himalayan pass connects Srinagar with Leh?
Q2.What are the longitudinal valleys between Himachal and Shiwaliks called?